Spectrum calculations and crosssection averaging are also. S department of energy doe is conducting research on the very high temperature reactor vhtr design concept for the next generation nuclear plant ngnp project. Graphite also has a high thermal conductivity, which facilitates the transfer of heat to the reflector, and it can withstand high temperatures. The vapourtec high temperature reactors are similar to the standard reactors but can enable reaction temperatures to go up to 250oc.
Internationally, there are only two high temperature systems under consideration. Pdf in 2005, the us passed the energy policy act of 2005 mandating the construction and operation of a. This file contains additional information such as exif metadata which may have been added by the digital camera, scanner, or software program used to create or digitize it. High temperature nuclear reactors for hydrogen production.
Ss reactors vessels jacketed reactors manufacturer from. Very high temperature reactor presented by taher, md iktiham bin 15983781 khan, md rabiul islam 15982791 islam, kazi rashedul 15984751 2. Materials for the very high temperature reactor vhtr. Inlext1018090 molten salts for high temperature reactors. A small modular nuclear reactor to replace coal plants could be on the market within 5 years. Physics of hightemperature reactors focuses on the physics of hightemperature reactors htrs and covers topics ranging from fuel cycles and refueling strategies to neutron crosssections, transport and diffusion theory, and resonance absorption. The purpose of this paper is to provide an update on the international effort in the development of the very high temperature reactor system pursued through international collaboration in the generation iv international forum gif and an outlook for further activities.
However, formatting rules can vary widely between applications and fields of interest or study. Dec 12, 2005 very high temperature gascooled reactors are considered as nearterm deployable plants meeting these requirements. The vhtr system is designed to be a high efficiency system that can supply process heat to a broad spectrum of high temperature and energyintensive, nonelectric processes. Very high temperature reactor vhtr the very high temperature reactor vhtr is a graphitemoderated, heliumcooled reactor. Not only has the features and very high safety levels as a nuclear power. Research and development related to high temperature gascooled reactor htgr became one of the trends of today 1, 2. In 2014, the generation iv international forum confirmed the very high temperature reactor vhtr as one of 6 promising reactor technologies that should be pursued in order to develop advanced reactors suitable for deployment in the 2030s.
Manual or computer automated image analysis is performed to measure the minimum. Very hightemperature reactor vhtr proliferation resistance. Metals and alloys for very high temperature reactors. The very high temperature reactor vhtr there has been a recent resurgence of interest for helium cooled high temperature reactors. The contraction or expansion of the refractories can take place during service life. Volume stability, expansion, and shrinkage at high temperatures. The high temperature gascooled reactor jrc publications. The high temperature gas could also be used in energyintensive processes that currently rely on fossil fuels, such as hydrogen production, desalination. The term typically refers to the next step in the evolutionary development of high temperature gascooled reactors htgrs. High temperature reactors for gas solid reactions up to 1100 c fluidized bed process technique contact schwing fluid technik gmbh oderstrasse 7 47506 neukirchenvluyn germany.
High temperatures reactors for hydrogen production i. Status of the very high temperature reactor system. The status of hightemperature gascooled reactor development. Generation nuclear plant project, the doe initiative to develop and demonstrate a high temperature gascooled reactor htgr. At low speeds dry friction in an oxygenfree, helium environment in the. The veryhightemperature reactor vhtr, or hightemperature gascooled reactor htgr. Vapourtec has developed the uv150, a pioneering photochemical reactor that will lead to more efficient, precise, consistent, safe and scalable photochemical synthesis offering potential routes for novel compounds and building blocks together with possible new manufacturing processes.
This opens up further reaction possiblities, for reactions that require excessive heating or very exothermic reactions. Temperature test reactor japan, high temperature reactor10 htr10. In this study, the optimum size of the compact heat exchanger has been developed based on its weight and pumping power for the reference design of 600 mwt very high temperature gascooled reactor. Heat transfer from the surface of the reactor pressure vessel by free. High temperature reactor fluidized bed product discharge proprietary distributor plate heating room fluidizing gas. The department of energy doe is working with industry to develop a very high temperature reactor vhtr as a part of the effort to supply the united states with abundant, clean, and secure energy as initiated by the energy policy act of 2005 epact.
Production based on high temperature steam electrolysis ngnp htse conceptual design direct coupled to htgr reactor for electrical power and process heat 600 mwth reactor could produce 85 million scfd hydrogen similar to a large steam methane reforming plant and 42 million scfd oxygen. Reports produced after january 1, 1996, are generally available free via the u. Types nuclear reactor design advantages and disadvantages of vhtr conclusion and future works 3. It will supply heat with high core outlet temperatures which will enable applications such as hydrogen production and process heat for the petrochemical industry. Seven gascooled htrs have been built around the world in england, germany, the united states, japan, and china. Among the 6 candidates of the gen iv nuclear systems in the technical roadmap of gen iv international forum gif, the very high temperature reactor vhtr is primarily dedicated to the cogeneration of electricity and hydrogen, the latter being extracted from water by using thermochemical, electrochemical or hybrid processes. A new reactor concept, the advanced hightemperature reactor ahtr, is being developed to meet these specific requirements. The moltensaltcooled advanced high temperature reactor ahtr is a new reactor concept designed to provide very high temperature 750 to ec heat to enable efficient lowcost 1 thermochemical production of hydrogen h2 or 2 production of electricity. Htgr high temperature gas reactor htr10 high temperature test reactor china httr high temperature test reactor japan htrnpr high temperature gas reactor new production reactor inl idaho national laboratory isi inservice inspection lbb leakbeforebreak lwr light water reactor mhtgr modular high temperature gascooled reactor. Inpro manualproliferation resistance, volume 5 of the final. The reactor design will be a graphite moderated, thermal neutron spectrum reactor that will produce electricity and hydrogen in a highly efficient manner. Moltensaltcooled advanced hightemperature reactor for. Tritium transport in very high temperature reactors for. Due to the very high resistance through the pebble.
These temperatures are at the very limits of practical engineering materials. The basic technology for the vhtr has been established in former high temperature gascooled reactor plants dragon, peach bottom, avr, thtr, fort st. Understanding the requirements of patrons, we are engaged in manufacturing and supplying high quality industrial reactors like. Reactors, chemical process reactors, limpet reactors, mild steel reactors, limpet coil reactor, limpet coil vessel, industrial reactors. The advanced hightemperature reactor ahtr for producing.
Creep is a time dependent property, which determines the deformation in a given time and at a given temperature by a refractory material under stress. The very high temperature reactor the term very high temperature reactor vhtr loosely covers any reactor design with a coolant outlet temperature of c or above. In addition, this report includes updated information on codes and standards for high temperature gas cooled reactors htgrs at the time of. The high temperature gas cooled reactor htgr is a high temperature reactor type having nuclear fuels formed by. The strategy is to limit the peak reactor temperature and still deliver. By virtue of its high temperature heat, a vhtr can be used in high temperature process heat applications, including hydrogen production and high efficiency electricity generation. The ngnp reactor core will be either a prismatic graphite block type. This paper provides an initial description and technical analysis of its key features. In particular this report addresses the comments provided by inl and documented in 1463 rev.
Apr 18, 2015 group 10s presentation for nre 2110 on the very high temperature reactor design. Advantages of very high temperature reactors clear passive safety mechanism 1. Simple electrolyzer model development for hightemperature. A very high temperature gascooled reactor vhtr is an inherently safe reactor that can produce heat of 750c950c. High temperature gas cool reactor technology development pdf. Materials in generationiv very high temperature reactors. The veryhightemperature reactor vhtr, or hightemperature gascooled reactor htgr, is a generation iv reactor concept that uses a graphitemoderated nuclear reactor with a oncethrough uranium fuel cycle. The term typically refers to the next step in the evolutionary development of hightemperature gascooled reactors htgrs. The high temperature reactor and process applications.
Very high temperature reactor vhtr energy independence. Reactors, high pressure reactors, chemical reactors, jacketed reactors, process reactors, s. Overview on the very high temperature reactor system inpro dialogue forum vienna, 14 april 2016 michael a. Thermal hydraulics of the very high temperature gas cooled.
Study of convection heat transfer in a very high temperature reactor flow channel. In addition, the technologies for the vhtr are being advanced in the gas turbinemodular helium reactor gt. The very hightemperature reactor vhtr design descriptions, technology. The vhtr is a type of hightemperature reactor htr that can conceptually have an outlet temperature of c. Very high temperature reactor the very high temperature reactor is cooled by flowing gas and is designed to operate at high temperatures that can produce electricity extremely efficiently. The high graphite inventory provides significant thermal inertia. They build on high temperature gascooled reactors which are already in operation. Gascooled reactors have had a long and varied history dating back to the very early days of nuclear energy development. Physics of high temperature reactors focuses on the physics of high temperature reactors htrs and covers topics ranging from fuel cycles and refueling strategies to neutron crosssections, transport and diffusion theory, and resonance absorption. The very high temperature reactor marks the next evolutionary step in reactor design, capable of powering our cities with greater than 50% thermal efficiency, and producing cleanburning hydrogen via carbon free processes. The status of high temperature gascooled reactor development and design in the united states and other countries important benefits are foreseen from smaller, modular systems by l. History and promise of high temperature gas cooled reactors.
732 743 575 1011 115 1177 1159 805 1268 419 783 1274 745 142 557 213 1073 1472 474 200 1554 1275 93 712 1163 1262 1266 618 255 656 210 100 755 1374 744 867 28 443 270 1209